James Watt

Background

A Scottish instrument maker and engineer, partner of manufacturer Matthew Boulton.

Contribution

Invented the separate condenser (patented 1769) and later improvements that dramatically raised steam-engine efficiency, making steam power widely practical.

Associated inventions

• The Steam Engine

Collaborators & contemporaries

• Thomas Newcomen

Sources & further reading

Each citation names the publisher and the exact reference title.

• Encyclopædia Britannica — technology & biography topic articlesEncyclopædia Britannica · Encyclopedia
• Science Museum Group Collection & topic articlesScience Museum Group (UK) · Museum

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